Baking
| Ingredient |
Amount |
Substitute |
| Baker’s Ammonia (Hartshorn) |
1 tsp |
1 tsp baking powder (when using in cookie recipes) |
| Baking Mix |
2 cups |
Mix 1 3/4 cups all-purpose flour, 2 1/2 tsp baking powder, 3/4 tsp salt and 1/3 cup shortening |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 cup sour milk, buttermilk, or plain yogurt |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp vinegar or lemon juice used with sweet milk to make 1/2 cup |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/4 to 1/2 cup molasses (decrease liquid in recipe by 1-2 tbsp) |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1 tsp Baker’s Ammonia (or Hartshorn) |
| Biscuit Mix |
2 1/4 cups |
2 cups flour sifted, 1 tbsp baking powder, 1 tsp salt, 1/4 cup shortening |
| Cake Flour |
1 cup |
1 cup minus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour, sifted |
| Cake Flour |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour sifted 3 times, then measured to make 1 cup |
| Cake Flour |
1 cup |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 2 tbsp cornstarch |
| Carob Powder |
1 tbsp |
1 tbsp cocoa powder |
| Chocolate |
1 square unsweetened |
3 tbsp unsweetened baking cocoa plus 1 tbsp butter, vegetable shortening or margarine |
| Chocolate |
1 square unsweetened |
3 tbsp carob powder plus 2 tbsp water |
| Chocolate |
1 oz semisweet baking or bittersweet |
1 oz unsweetened baking chocolate plus 1 tbsp sugar |
| Chocolate |
1 cup semisweet chips |
6 oz semisweet baking chocolate, chopped |
| Cocoa |
1/4 cup or 4 tbsp |
1 oz (square) chocolate (decrease fat called for in recipe by 1/2 tbsp) |
| Coconut |
1 tbsp grated, dry |
1 1/2 tbsp fresh, grated |
| Coconut Cream |
1 cup |
1 cup cream |
| Coconut Milk |
1 cup |
1 cup milk |
| Cornmeal, self-rising |
1 cup |
1 cup plain cornmeal, 1 tsp baking powder, 1/2 tsp salt |
| Cornstarch |
1 tbsp |
2 tbsp all-purpose flour |
| Cornstarch |
1 tbsp |
2 tbsp tapioca |
| Cornstarch |
1 tbsp |
2 1/2 ttsp arrowroot |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup light |
Mix 1 cup granulated sugar with 1/4 cup liquid used in recipe |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup light |
1 1/4 cups light brown sugar, 1/3 cup liquid |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup light |
1 cup honey |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup dark |
1 cup light corn syrup |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup dark |
3/4 cup light corn syrup plus 1/4 cup molasses |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup dark |
1 cup maple-flavored syrup |
| Cream of Tartar |
1/2 tsp |
1 1/2 tsp lemon juice or vinegar |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1/2 tbsp cornstarch, potato starch, rice starch, or arrowroot starch |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1 tbsp granular tapioca |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
2 tsp quick-cooking tapioca |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1/2 tbsp arrowroot |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1 egg, 2 egg whites, or 2 egg yolks |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1 tbsp corn flour |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
7/8 tbsp rice flour |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
2 tbsp browned flour |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1 1/2 tbsp whole wheat flour |
| Flour, all-purpose |
1 tbsp (for thickening) |
1/2 tbsp whole wheat flour plus 1/2 tbsp all-purpose flour |
| Flour, cake |
1 cup sifted |
1 cup minus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour, sifted |
| Flour, cake |
1 cup sifted |
1 cup all-purpose flour sifted 3 times, then measured to make 1 cup |
| Flour, cake |
1 cup sifted |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 2 tbsp cornstarch |
| Flour, corn |
|
All-purpose flour |
| Flour, gluten |
13 tbsp |
1 cup all-purpose flour |
| Flour, masa harina |
|
Cornmeal |
| Flour, pastry |
1 cup |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour |
| Flour, potato |
1 tbsp |
2 tbsp all-purpose flour |
| Flour, potato |
1 tbsp |
1 tbsp cornstarch |
| Flour, rice |
7/8 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour |
| Flour, rye |
1 1/4 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour |
| Flour, self-rising |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder and 1/2 tsp salt |
| Flour, whole wheat, coarse |
1 cup |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour |
| Flour, whole wheat, fine |
|
All-purpose flour |
| Marshmallow |
1 regular |
10 mini marshmallows |
| Marshmallow Creme |
1 jar |
Melt 16 ounces of marshmallows and 3 1/2 tbsp corn syrup in a double boiler |
| Marshmallows, miniature |
1 cup |
10 large marshmallows |
| Marzipan |
2 1/2 cups |
2 cups almond paste, 1 cup powdered sugar, 2 tbsp corn syrup |
| Molasses |
1 cup |
1/2 cup honey (flavor will be milder) ||3/4 cup sugar, 1/4 cup water |
| Onion Soup Mix, dry |
2 tbsp |
1 tbsp instant minced onion, 1 beef bouillon cube |
| Sugar, brown |
1 cup |
1 cup granulated sugar plus 1 tbsp molasses or dark corn syrup |
| Sugar, brown, dark |
1 cup |
1 cup granulated sugar plus 2 tbsp molasses or dark corn syrup |
| Sugar, confectioners’ or powdered |
1 cup |
3/4 cup granulated sugar ||1 cup granulated sugar and 1 tsp of cornstarch finely ground in blender. |
| Sugar, cube |
1 |
1/2 tsp granulated sugar |
| Sugar, granulated |
1 cup |
1 cup light brown sugar (packed) |
| Sugar, granulated |
1 cup |
2 cups powdered sugar |
| Sugar, granulated |
1 cup |
3/4 cup honey (reduce liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup) |
| Sugar, granulated |
1 cup |
1 3/4 cups confectioners’ sugar (not for baking) |
| Sugar, superfine |
|
Grind granulated white sugar in a blender or food processor |
| Sugar, white |
1 cup |
1 cup Sugar Twin or Sprinkle Sweet |
| Sugar, white |
2 tsp |
1 packet Equal |
| Sugar, white |
1 tsp |
10 drops of Sweet 10 |
| Sugar, white |
1/2 cup |
1 tbsp of Sweet 10 |
| Vanilla Bean |
2-inch piece |
1 tsp pure vanilla extract |
| Yeast, compressed |
1 cake |
1 package or 2 tsp active dry yeast |
| Yeast, regular or quick active dry |
1 pkg (1/4 oz) |
2 1/4 tsp regular or quick active dry |
| Yeast, regular or quick active dry |
1 pkg (1/4 oz) |
1 pkg (.6 oz) compressed cake yeast |
| Yeasts cannot be exchanged with impunity. See All About Dry Yeast: Instant, Active Dry, Fast-Acting, and More |
